Page 60 - EMF von Stromtechnologien

EMF von Stromtechnologien
sleep quality have reported inconsistent results (...)
Some people claim to be hypersensitive to EMFs in general. However, the evidence from double-blind provocation studies suggests that the reported symptoms are unrelated to EMF exposure (...) There is only inconsistent and inconclusive evidence that exposure to ELF electric and magnetic fields causes depressive symptoms or suicide (...)
The results of volunteer studies as well as residential and occupational epidemiological studies sug- gest that the neuroendocrine system is not adversely affected by exposure to power-frequency electric or magnetic fields. This applies particularly to the circulating levels of specific hormones of the neuro- endocrine system, including melatonin, released by the pineal gland, and to a number of hormones involved in the control of body metabolism and physiology, released by the pituitary gland (...)
It has been hypothesized that exposure to ELF fields is associated with several neurodegenerative diseases. For Parkinson disease and multiple sclerosis the number of studies has been small and there is no evidence for an association with these diseases. For Alzheimer disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) more studies have been published. Some of these reports suggest that people employed in electrical occupations might have an increased risk of ALS (...)
Evidence for the effects of ELF electric or magnetic fields on components of the immune system is generally inconsistent. Many of the cell populations and functional markers were unaffected by expo- sure. However, in some human studies with fields from 10 μT to 2 mT, changes were observed in nat- ural killer cells, which showed both increased and decreased cell numbers, and in total white blood cell counts, which showed no change or decreased numbers (...)
On the whole, epidemiological studies have not shown an association between adverse human repro- ductive outcomes and maternal or paternal exposure to ELF fields. There is some evidence for an in- creased risk of miscarriage associated with maternal magnetic field exposure, but this evidence is in- adequate (...)
The IARC classification of ELF magnetic fields as “possibly carcinogenic to humans” (IARC, 2002) [siehe den nachfolgenden Abschnitt]) is based upon all of the available data prior to and including 2001. The review of literature in this EHC monograph focuses mainly on studies published after the IARC review. The IARC classification was heavily influenced by the associations observed in epidemi- ological studies on childhood leukaemia. The classification of this evidence as limited does not change with the addition of two childhood leukaemia studies published after 2002 (...) Thus, on balance, the evidence is not strong enough to be considered causal, but sufficiently strong to remain a concern”.
4.2.2 IARC
Die zur WHO gehörende Internationale Krebsforschungsagentur untersucht Stoffe und Prozesse auf ihre kanzerogene Wirkung hin. Auch elektromagnetische Felder hat die IARC durch eine von ihr ein- berufene internationale Expertengruppe bewerten lassen. 2002 erschien die Monographie #80, wel- che kanzerogene Wirkungen von statischen und niederfrequenten elektrischen und magnetischen Fel- dern zum Thema hatte. Niederfrequente Felder werden im Monograph als ELF-Felder bezeichnet (ELF = Extremely Low Frequency). Das Frequenzfenster wurde definiert als zwischen 3 Hz und 3 kHz liegend. Die Schlussfolgerungen der (IARC, 2002), p. 338:
„Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields are possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). Static electric and magnetic fields and extremely low-frequency electric fields are not classifiable as to their carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3)“.
Zum adäquaten Verständnis dieser Bewertungen muss man zunächst die Klassifizierungsmethodik der IARC berücksichtigen:
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